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Tensile resistance

The tensile resistance is calculated using the expression

Where is:

A

  • The cross-sectional area

fy

  • The yield strength

γM0

  • The partial safety factor

The tensile resistance of the cross-section with holes is calculated using the expression

Where is:

Aosl

  • The cross-sectional area of perforated cross-section

fu

  • The ultimate strength

γM2

  • The partial safety factor

The design value of tensile resistance Nt,Rd is chosen as the minimum of these two values. The design value of the resistance is reduced for "High shear" (described in the chapter "Low and high shear"). The reduction factor is given by the expression

Where is:

ρz,ρy

  • The reduction factor making an allowance for the presence of shear forces in directions z and y

AV,z,AV,y

  • The shear areas for directions z and y

A

  • The cross-sectional area

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